Sectors in the Springfield Township, Kalkaska County, Michigan (Township)

Workers by Sector#1

Percentage of the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of Kalkaska County and the Springfield Township
Springfield Township
Kalkaska County
0%20%40%60%CountPrivateSelf-Employed1Non-ProfitSole Proprietor2State GovernmentLocal GovernmentFederal GovernmentUnpaid Family69.019608%70.902961%69.019608%69.0%3528.039216%2.990325%8.039216%8.0%416.666667%7.475814%6.666667%6.7%346.666667%6.801524%6.666667%6.7%345.490196%5.042510%5.490196%5.5%284.117647%5.922017%4.117647%4.1%210.000000%0.000000%0.0%0.806215%00.000000%0.000000%0.0%0.058634%0
Count number of people employed in given sector
1owns corporation 2and other unincorporated businesses

Relative Workers by Sector#2

Percentage more or less common in the Springfield Township than in Kalkaska County, among the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of Kalkaska County and the Springfield Township
Less Common
More Common
100%0%100%%ref.Self-Employed1State GovernmentSole Proprietor2PrivateNon-ProfitLocal GovernmentFederal GovernmentUnpaid Family168.840830%168.840830%168.8%8.039%8.04%2.990%2.99%8.878249%8.878249%8.9%5.490%5.49%5.043%5.04%-1.982759%-1.982759%2.0%6.667%6.67%6.802%6.80%-2.656240%-2.656240%2.7%69.020%69.0%70.903%70.9%-10.823529%-10.823529%10.8%6.667%6.67%7.476%7.48%-30.468841%-30.468841%30.5%4.118%4.12%5.922%5.92%-100.000000%-100.000000%100.0%0.000%0%0.806%0.81%-100.000000%-100.000000%100.0%0.000%0%0.059%0.06%
% percentage of sector in the Springfield Township
ref. percentage of sector in Kalkaska County
1owns corporation 2and other unincorporated businesses

Part Timers by Sector#3

Part time and seasonal workers as a percentage of total workforce within a sector.
Scope: population of Kalkaska County and the Springfield Township
Springfield Township
Kalkaska County
0%20%40%60%PartFullLocal GovernmentSelf-Employed1All SectorsPrivateSole Proprietor2Non-ProfitState Government71.428571%41.584158%71.428571%71.4%15660.975610%23.039216%60.975610%61.0%251640.196078%39.255350%40.196078%40.2%20530540.056818%38.598305%40.056818%40.1%14121129.411765%53.879310%29.411765%29.4%102426.470588%39.215686%26.470588%26.5%92517.857143%39.825581%17.857143%17.9%523
Part number of part time workers employed in given sector
Full number of full time workers employed in given sector
1owns corporation 2and other unincorporated businesses

Median Income by Sector#4

For the full-time year-round civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of Kalkaska County and the Springfield Township
Springfield Township
Kalkaska County
$0k$20k$40k%CountSelf-Employed1Non-ProfitAll SectorsPrivateState GovernmentSole Proprietor2$53,333.000000$55,750.000000$53,333.000000$53.3k8.039%8.04%41$35,179.000000$34,861.000000$35,179.000000$35.2k6.667%6.67%34$31,060.000000$34,951.000000$31,060.000000$31.1k100.000%100%510$30,875.000000$33,041.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k69.020%69.0%352$30,875.000000$43,821.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k5.490%5.49%28$13,750.000000$25,729.000000$13,750.000000$13.8k6.667%6.67%34
% percent of the workforce employed in given sector
Count number of people employed in given sector
1owns corporation 2and other unincorporated businesses

Sex Ratio by Sector#5

Sex ratio by sector among the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of Kalkaska County and the Springfield Township
Female Male
Kalkaska County
Springfield Township
10x5x0x5x10xFMSelf-Employed1State GovernmentPrivateAll SectorsSole Proprietor2Local GovernmentNon-Profit-1.000000x-1.000000x-1.000000x2.727273x3.636364x2.727273x2.73x1130-1.000000x-2.071429x-1.000000x1.153846x1.000000x1.153846x1.15x1315-1.000000x-1.000000x-1.000000x1.000000x1.316571x1.000000x176176-1.125000x-1.000000x-1.125000x1.13x1.000000x1.095209x1.000000x270240-1.615385x-1.000000x-1.615385x1.62x1.000000x1.178404x1.000000x2113-6.000000x-1.948905x-6.000000x6.00x1.000000x1.000000x1.000000x183-10.333333x-3.396552x-10.333333x10.33x1.000000x1.000000x1.000000x313
F number of females employed in given sector
M number of males employed in given sector
1owns corporation 2and other unincorporated businesses

Sectors by County Subdivision in the Traverse City Area

There are 54 county subdivisions in the Traverse City Area. This section compares the Springfield Township to the 50 most populous county subdivisions in the Traverse City Area and to those entities that contain or substantially overlap with the Springfield Township. The least populous of the compared county subdivisions has a population of 354.

Private Sector by County Subdivision#6

Percentage of the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the Traverse City Area, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
0%20%40%60%80%Count#Orange TownshipOrangeColdsprings TownshipColdspringsBoardman TownshipBoardmanBlair TownshipBlairFrankfortParadise TownshipParadiseClearwater TownshipClearwaterTraverse CityGarfield Charter TownshipGarfieldHomestead TownshipHomestead950400Tract 950400Weldon TownshipWeldonMichiganEast North CentralKalkaska CountyKalkaskaKalkaska TownshipKalkaskaEast Bay TownshipE BayMidwestKasson TownshipKassonSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldGrant TownshipGrantUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesSolon TownshipSolonBenzonia TownshipBenzoniaRapid River TownshipRapid RivColfax TownshipColfaxInland TownshipInlandTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CityOliver TownshipOliverGilmore TownshipGilmoreTraverse CityLong Lake TownshipLong LkFife Lake TownshipFife LkWhitewater TownshipWhitewaterUnion TownshipUnionMayfield TownshipMayfieldGarfield TownshipGarfieldElmwood Charter TownshipElmwoodLeland TownshipLelandAcme TownshipGreen Lake TownshipGrn LkBlaine TownshipBlaineExcelsior TownshipExcelsiorBear Lake TownshipBear LkCenterville TownshipCentervilleBingham TownshipBinghamGlen Arbor TownshipGln ArborLeelanau TownshipLeelanauJoyfield TownshipJoyfieldPeninsula TownshipPeninsulaSuttons Bay TownshipSuttons BayCleveland TownshipClevelandEmpire TownshipEmpireLake TownshipCrystal Lake TownshipCrystal LkAlmira TownshipAlmiraBlue Lake TownshipBlue Lk82.387476%82.387476%82.4%421178.535774%78.535774%78.5%472278.184713%78.184713%78.2%491376.108315%76.108315%76.1%3,176474.248927%74.248927%74.2%346572.937294%72.937294%72.9%1,768672.806172%72.806172%72.8%755772.566372%72.566372%72.6%82872.530249%72.530249%72.5%5,455972.433460%72.433460%72.4%7621072.167832%72.167832%72.2%1,03271.875000%71.875000%71.9%2301171.092746%71.092746%71.1%3,163,4263.16M70.977909%70.977909%71.0%15,618,69115.6M70.902961%70.902961%70.9%4,83770.372259%70.372259%70.4%1,3801269.869140%69.869140%69.9%4,2181369.717832%69.717832%69.7%22,664,11922.7M69.612403%69.612403%69.6%4491469.019608%69.019608%69.0%3521568.835616%68.835616%68.8%4021668.253043%68.253043%68.3%101,015,409101M68.181818%68.181818%68.2%5551767.601547%67.601547%67.6%6991867.526882%67.526882%67.5%3141967.261905%67.261905%67.3%2262066.179541%66.179541%66.2%6342165.624050%65.624050%65.6%45,31845.3k65.359477%65.359477%65.4%1002264.444444%64.444444%64.4%2032364.419242%64.419242%64.4%5,1692464.096434%64.096434%64.1%3,2172563.480742%63.480742%63.5%4452663.170347%63.170347%63.2%8012762.566845%62.566845%62.6%1172862.335766%62.335766%62.3%4272961.794020%61.794020%61.8%1863061.643836%61.643836%61.6%1,3053160.730088%60.730088%60.7%5493260.075885%60.075885%60.1%1,4253359.958690%59.958690%60.0%2,0323459.649123%59.649123%59.6%1023559.166667%59.166667%59.2%2133658.247423%58.247423%58.2%1133757.954545%57.954545%58.0%3573856.823821%56.823821%56.8%6873956.481481%56.481481%56.5%1224056.210790%56.210790%56.2%4484155.913978%55.913978%55.9%2084255.237712%55.237712%55.2%1,3714354.898649%54.898649%54.9%6504454.527163%54.527163%54.5%2714553.526221%53.526221%53.5%2964651.704545%51.704545%51.7%914749.778761%49.778761%49.8%2254846.133475%46.133475%46.1%8714939.603960%39.603960%39.6%4050

Private Income by County Subdivision#14

Median income for the full-time year-round civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the Traverse City Area, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
$0k$20k$40k$60k%Count#Lake TownshipPeninsula TownshipPeninsulaAcme TownshipEmpire TownshipEmpireGrant TownshipGrantBlue Lake TownshipBlue LkWhitewater TownshipWhitewaterEast North CentralMichiganMidwestUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesSolon TownshipSolonBingham TownshipBinghamKasson TownshipKassonLong Lake TownshipLong LkGlen Arbor TownshipGln ArborMayfield TownshipMayfieldGreen Lake TownshipGrn LkExcelsior TownshipExcelsiorUnion TownshipUnionLeelanau TownshipLeelanauCleveland TownshipClevelandAlmira TownshipAlmiraElmwood Charter TownshipElmwoodTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CitySuttons Bay TownshipSuttons BayFife Lake TownshipFife LkTraverse CityEast Bay TownshipE BayLeland TownshipLelandOliver TownshipOliverHomestead TownshipHomesteadBlair TownshipBlairParadise TownshipParadiseCrystal Lake TownshipCrystal LkKalkaska TownshipKalkaskaInland TownshipInlandCenterville TownshipCentervilleGarfield TownshipGarfieldBear Lake TownshipBear LkColdsprings TownshipColdspringsGilmore TownshipGilmoreGarfield Charter TownshipGarfieldKalkaska CountyKalkaska950400Tract 950400Rapid River TownshipRapid RivBoardman TownshipBoardmanOrange TownshipOrangeClearwater TownshipClearwaterJoyfield TownshipJoyfieldSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldBenzonia TownshipBenzoniaBlaine TownshipBlaineColfax TownshipColfaxWeldon TownshipWeldonFrankfort$75,000.000000$75,000.000000$75.0k51.705%51.7%911$62,486.000000$62,486.000000$62.5k55.238%55.2%1,3712$47,213.000000$47,213.000000$47.2k60.076%60.1%1,4253$46,111.000000$46,111.000000$46.1k53.526%53.5%2964$45,625.000000$45,625.000000$45.6k68.836%68.8%4025$43,750.000000$43,750.000000$43.8k39.604%39.6%406$42,500.000000$42,500.000000$42.5k63.170%63.2%8017$42,448.000000$42,448.000000$42.4k70.978%71.0%15,618,69115.6M$42,417.000000$42,417.000000$42.4k71.093%71.1%3,163,4263.16M$42,254.000000$42,254.000000$42.3k69.718%69.7%22,664,11922.7M$42,182.000000$42,182.000000$42.2k68.253%68.3%101,015,409101M$42,156.000000$42,156.000000$42.2k68.182%68.2%5558$41,700.000000$41,700.000000$41.7k56.824%56.8%6879$41,118.000000$41,118.000000$41.1k69.612%69.6%44910$41,115.000000$41,115.000000$41.1k64.096%64.1%3,21711$40,481.000000$40,481.000000$40.5k56.481%56.5%12212$40,288.000000$40,288.000000$40.3k62.336%62.3%42713$39,653.000000$39,653.000000$39.7k59.959%60.0%2,03214$39,271.000000$39,271.000000$39.3k59.167%59.2%21315$38,571.000000$38,571.000000$38.6k62.567%62.6%11716$38,125.000000$38,125.000000$38.1k56.211%56.2%44817$37,656.000000$37,656.000000$37.7k54.527%54.5%27118$37,398.000000$37,398.000000$37.4k46.133%46.1%87119$37,045.000000$37,045.000000$37.0k61.644%61.6%1,30520$37,004.000000$37,004.000000$37.0k65.624%65.6%45,31845.3k$36,852.000000$36,852.000000$36.9k54.899%54.9%65021$36,648.000000$36,648.000000$36.6k63.481%63.5%44522$36,472.000000$36,472.000000$36.5k64.419%64.4%5,16923$36,419.000000$36,419.000000$36.4k69.869%69.9%4,21824$36,281.000000$36,281.000000$36.3k60.730%60.7%54925$35,833.000000$35,833.000000$35.8k65.359%65.4%10026$35,773.000000$35,773.000000$35.8k72.433%72.4%76227$35,649.000000$35,649.000000$35.6k76.108%76.1%3,17628$35,337.000000$35,337.000000$35.3k72.937%72.9%1,76829$35,000.000000$35,000.000000$35.0k49.779%49.8%22530$34,929.000000$34,929.000000$34.9k70.372%70.4%1,38031$34,195.000000$34,195.000000$34.2k66.180%66.2%63432$33,750.000000$33,750.000000$33.8k57.955%58.0%35733$33,750.000000$33,750.000000$33.8k61.794%61.8%18634$33,750.000000$33,750.000000$33.8k58.247%58.2%11335$33,472.000000$33,472.000000$33.5k78.536%78.5%47236$33,472.000000$33,472.000000$33.5k64.444%64.4%20337$33,076.000000$33,076.000000$33.1k72.530%72.5%5,45538$33,041.000000$33,041.000000$33.0k70.903%70.9%4,837$32,778.000000$32,778.000000$32.8k72.168%72.2%1,032$32,250.000000$32,250.000000$32.3k67.527%67.5%31439$32,159.000000$32,159.000000$32.2k78.185%78.2%49140$32,031.000000$32,031.000000$32.0k82.387%82.4%42141$31,556.000000$31,556.000000$31.6k72.806%72.8%75542$31,534.000000$31,534.000000$31.5k55.914%55.9%20843$30,875.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k69.020%69.0%35244$30,329.000000$30,329.000000$30.3k67.602%67.6%69945$29,688.000000$29,688.000000$29.7k59.649%59.6%10246$29,432.000000$29,432.000000$29.4k67.262%67.3%22647$26,447.000000$26,447.000000$26.4k71.875%71.9%23048$24,931.000000$24,931.000000$24.9k74.249%74.2%34649
% percent of the workforce employed in given sector
Count number of people employed in given sector
# rank of county subdivision out of 49 by income in given sector

Sectors by County Subdivision in Michigan

There are 1,578 county subdivisions in Michigan. This section compares the Springfield Township to the 50 most populous county subdivisions in Michigan and to those entities that contain or substantially overlap with the Springfield Township. The least populous of the compared county subdivisions has a population of 36,008.

Private Sector by County Subdivision#19

Percentage of the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in Michigan, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
0%20%40%60%80%Count#TaylorLincoln ParkWestlandPontiacHolland Charter TownshipHollandRosevilleWyomingDearborn HeightsDearborn HtsWarrenSterling HeightsSterling HtsRedford Charter TownshipRedfordOrion Charter TownshipOrionNoviChesterfield TownshipChesterfieldCommerce Charter TownshipCommerceMuskegonWaterford Charter TownshipWaterfordClinton Charter TownshipClintonCanton Charter TownshipCantonKentwoodFlintSt. Clair ShoresSt. Clair ShrsMacomb TownshipMacombRochester HillsRochester HlsBattle CreekIndependence Charter TownshipIndependenceLivoniaShelby Charter TownshipShelbyDearbornRoyal OakFarmington HillsFarmington Hls950400Tract 950400MidlandGrand Blanc Charter TownshipGrand BlancDetroitSaginawTroyMichiganEast North CentralKalkaska CountyKalkaskaGeorgetown Charter TownshipGeorgetownGrand RapidsPortageMidwestSaginaw Charter TownshipSaginawSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesKalamazooSouthfieldYpsilanti Charter TownshipYpsilantiLansingTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CityPittsfield Charter TownshipPittsfieldBloomfield Charter TownshipBloomfieldWest Bloomfield Charter TownshipW BloomfieldEast LansingMeridian Charter TownshipMeridianAnn Arbor83.547317%83.547317%83.5%21,40921.4k182.258590%82.258590%82.3%12,61612.6k280.932500%80.932500%80.9%32,37332.4k380.078375%80.078375%80.1%18,80018.8k479.900796%79.900796%79.9%15,46415.5k579.777230%79.777230%79.8%17,47617.5k678.772543%78.772543%78.8%30,66330.7k778.504754%78.504754%78.5%18,16618.2k878.301127%78.301127%78.3%45,66645.7k977.797689%77.797689%77.8%49,49149.5k1077.411122%77.411122%77.4%17,28917.3k1176.933111%76.933111%76.9%14,74514.7k1276.513366%76.513366%76.5%22,72622.7k1376.334380%76.334380%76.3%17,50517.5k1476.321796%76.321796%76.3%16,38416.4k1575.913961%75.913961%75.9%9,2821675.748811%75.748811%75.7%28,02128.0k1775.702736%75.702736%75.7%36,14236.1k1875.595527%75.595527%75.6%34,21034.2k1975.494132%75.494132%75.5%19,74719.7k2074.812169%74.812169%74.8%22,20522.2k2174.739737%74.739737%74.7%21,46621.5k2274.348976%74.348976%74.3%32,03432.0k2373.923465%73.923465%73.9%26,83226.8k2473.873625%73.873625%73.9%16,05216.1k2573.639221%73.639221%73.6%13,35313.4k2673.533487%73.533487%73.5%35,02435.0k2773.518288%73.518288%73.5%27,21527.2k2873.430809%73.430809%73.4%26,06526.1k2973.317355%73.317355%73.3%26,30726.3k3072.935405%72.935405%72.9%30,32830.3k3172.167832%72.167832%72.2%1,03271.961188%71.961188%72.0%13,64613.6k3271.887456%71.887456%71.9%12,26412.3k3371.656163%71.656163%71.7%158,502159k3471.615371%71.615371%71.6%12,54212.5k3571.575811%71.575811%71.6%29,30629.3k3671.092746%71.092746%71.1%3,163,4263.16M70.977909%70.977909%71.0%15,618,69115.6M70.902961%70.902961%70.9%4,83770.664214%70.664214%70.7%17,67117.7k3770.333657%70.333657%70.3%65,91665.9k3869.898302%69.898302%69.9%16,63316.6k3969.717832%69.717832%69.7%22,664,11922.7M69.021971%69.021971%69.0%12,94312.9k4069.019608%69.019608%69.0%35268.253043%68.253043%68.3%101,015,409101M67.821635%67.821635%67.8%25,03525.0k4167.150194%67.150194%67.2%22,35922.4k4266.926729%66.926729%66.9%18,18618.2k4365.729975%65.729975%65.7%33,63633.6k4465.624050%65.624050%65.6%45,31845.3k64.666174%64.666174%64.7%12,26212.3k4564.131268%64.131268%64.1%12,54612.5k4664.073708%64.073708%64.1%20,72420.7k4751.224096%51.224096%51.2%10,62910.6k4851.072546%51.072546%51.1%11,09511.1k4949.728525%49.728525%49.7%29,67529.7k50

Private Income by County Subdivision#27

Median income for the full-time year-round civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in Michigan, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
$0k$50k%Count#Bloomfield Charter TownshipBloomfieldNoviTroyRochester HillsRochester HlsWest Bloomfield Charter TownshipW BloomfieldOrion Charter TownshipOrionCommerce Charter TownshipCommerceIndependence Charter TownshipIndependenceCanton Charter TownshipCantonMacomb TownshipMacombFarmington HillsFarmington HlsPittsfield Charter TownshipPittsfieldRoyal OakAnn ArborLivoniaShelby Charter TownshipShelbyGrand Blanc Charter TownshipGrand BlancMidlandChesterfield TownshipChesterfieldMeridian Charter TownshipMeridianGeorgetown Charter TownshipGeorgetownSterling HeightsSterling HtsPortageSt. Clair ShoresSt. Clair ShrsWaterford Charter TownshipWaterfordSouthfieldDearbornSaginaw Charter TownshipSaginawEast North CentralMichiganClinton Charter TownshipClintonMidwestUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesHolland Charter TownshipHollandEast LansingDearborn HeightsDearborn HtsRedford Charter TownshipRedfordWestlandYpsilanti Charter TownshipYpsilantiWarrenKentwoodRosevilleTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CityBattle CreekLincoln ParkTaylorWyomingGrand RapidsKalkaska CountyKalkaska950400Tract 950400LansingKalamazooSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldDetroitFlintSaginawPontiacMuskegon$92,995.000000$92,995.000000$93.0k64.131%64.1%12,54612.5k1$75,371.000000$75,371.000000$75.4k76.513%76.5%22,72622.7k2$73,698.000000$73,698.000000$73.7k71.576%71.6%29,30629.3k3$71,536.000000$71,536.000000$71.5k73.923%73.9%26,83226.8k4$71,292.000000$71,292.000000$71.3k64.074%64.1%20,72420.7k5$70,694.000000$70,694.000000$70.7k76.933%76.9%14,74514.7k6$67,101.000000$67,101.000000$67.1k76.322%76.3%16,38416.4k7$65,259.000000$65,259.000000$65.3k73.639%73.6%13,35313.4k8$64,432.000000$64,432.000000$64.4k75.596%75.6%34,21034.2k9$64,014.000000$64,014.000000$64.0k74.349%74.3%32,03432.0k10$61,557.000000$61,557.000000$61.6k72.935%72.9%30,32830.3k11$61,436.000000$61,436.000000$61.4k64.666%64.7%12,26212.3k12$58,582.000000$58,582.000000$58.6k73.317%73.3%26,30726.3k13$54,814.000000$54,814.000000$54.8k49.729%49.7%29,67529.7k14$53,180.000000$53,180.000000$53.2k73.533%73.5%35,02435.0k15$52,103.000000$52,103.000000$52.1k73.518%73.5%27,21527.2k16$51,318.000000$51,318.000000$51.3k71.887%71.9%12,26412.3k17$51,286.000000$51,286.000000$51.3k71.961%72.0%13,64613.6k18$51,135.000000$51,135.000000$51.1k76.334%76.3%17,50517.5k19$50,891.000000$50,891.000000$50.9k51.073%51.1%11,09511.1k20$48,156.000000$48,156.000000$48.2k70.664%70.7%17,67117.7k21$46,720.000000$46,720.000000$46.7k77.798%77.8%49,49149.5k22$46,343.000000$46,343.000000$46.3k69.898%69.9%16,63316.6k23$46,263.000000$46,263.000000$46.3k74.740%74.7%21,46621.5k24$45,544.000000$45,544.000000$45.5k75.749%75.7%28,02128.0k25$45,289.000000$45,289.000000$45.3k67.150%67.2%22,35922.4k26$44,214.000000$44,214.000000$44.2k73.431%73.4%26,06526.1k27$43,337.000000$43,337.000000$43.3k69.022%69.0%12,94312.9k28$42,448.000000$42,448.000000$42.4k70.978%71.0%15,618,69115.6M$42,417.000000$42,417.000000$42.4k71.093%71.1%3,163,4263.16M$42,344.000000$42,344.000000$42.3k75.703%75.7%36,14236.1k29$42,254.000000$42,254.000000$42.3k69.718%69.7%22,664,11922.7M$42,182.000000$42,182.000000$42.2k68.253%68.3%101,015,409101M$42,056.000000$42,056.000000$42.1k79.901%79.9%15,46415.5k30$41,870.000000$41,870.000000$41.9k51.224%51.2%10,62910.6k31$41,078.000000$41,078.000000$41.1k78.505%78.5%18,16618.2k32$40,865.000000$40,865.000000$40.9k77.411%77.4%17,28917.3k33$40,704.000000$40,704.000000$40.7k80.932%80.9%32,37332.4k34$39,364.000000$39,364.000000$39.4k66.927%66.9%18,18618.2k35$38,182.000000$38,182.000000$38.2k78.301%78.3%45,66645.7k36$37,177.000000$37,177.000000$37.2k75.494%75.5%19,74719.7k37$37,059.000000$37,059.000000$37.1k79.777%79.8%17,47617.5k38$37,004.000000$37,004.000000$37.0k65.624%65.6%45,31845.3k$36,948.000000$36,948.000000$36.9k73.874%73.9%16,05216.1k39$36,806.000000$36,806.000000$36.8k82.259%82.3%12,61612.6k40$36,602.000000$36,602.000000$36.6k83.547%83.5%21,40921.4k41$35,635.000000$35,635.000000$35.6k78.773%78.8%30,66330.7k42$34,661.000000$34,661.000000$34.7k70.334%70.3%65,91665.9k43$33,041.000000$33,041.000000$33.0k70.903%70.9%4,837$32,778.000000$32,778.000000$32.8k72.168%72.2%1,032$31,978.000000$31,978.000000$32.0k65.730%65.7%33,63633.6k44$31,307.000000$31,307.000000$31.3k67.822%67.8%25,03525.0k45$30,875.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k69.020%69.0%352$30,536.000000$30,536.000000$30.5k71.656%71.7%158,502159k46$30,113.000000$30,113.000000$30.1k74.812%74.8%22,20522.2k47$29,474.000000$29,474.000000$29.5k71.615%71.6%12,54212.5k48$29,437.000000$29,437.000000$29.4k80.078%80.1%18,80018.8k49$29,424.000000$29,424.000000$29.4k75.914%75.9%9,28250
% percent of the workforce employed in given sector
Count number of people employed in given sector
# rank of county subdivision out of 50 by income in given sector

Sectors by County Subdivision in the Midwest

There are 19,478 county subdivisions in the Midwest. This section compares the Springfield Township to the 50 most populous county subdivisions in the Midwest and to those entities that contain or substantially overlap with the Springfield Township. The least populous of the compared county subdivisions has a population of 112,821.

Private Sector by County Subdivision#32

Percentage of the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the Midwest, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
0%20%40%60%80%Count#Aurora TownshipAuroraWarrenSchaumburg TownshipSchaumburgSterling HeightsSterling HtsBloomingdale TownshipBloomingdaleWayne TownshipWayneKansas CityNorth TownshipNCedar RapidsCenter TownshipCtrBlue TownshipPalatine TownshipPalatineAkronWichitaWheeling TownshipWheelingMaine TownshipMaineOverland ParkToledoRockford TownshipRockfordOlathe950400Tract 950400Lawrence TownshipLawrenceMilwaukeeColumbusDetroitOmahaWorth TownshipWorthMichiganProviso TownshipProvisoEast North CentralKalkaska CountyKalkaskaYork TownshipGrand RapidsLisle TownshipLisleSioux FallsCincinnatiChicagoWashington TownshipWashingtonMidwestClevelandSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldFargoSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldThornton TownshipThorntonDaytonUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesMilton TownshipMiltonDowners Grove TownshipDowners GrvKaw TownshipLincolnTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CitySt. LouisMinneapolisTopekaSt. PaulMadisonCapital TownshipCapitalAnn Arbor82.527133%82.527133%82.5%56,57456.6k178.301127%78.301127%78.3%45,66645.7k278.136882%78.136882%78.1%56,30756.3k377.797689%77.797689%77.8%49,49149.5k477.643007%77.643007%77.6%47,11347.1k577.319391%77.319391%77.3%48,57948.6k675.908348%75.908348%75.9%50,62150.6k775.770604%75.770604%75.8%50,93350.9k875.575308%75.575308%75.6%52,54652.5k975.039642%75.039642%75.0%45,90445.9k1074.157865%74.157865%74.2%51,95552.0k1174.029816%74.029816%74.0%45,03945.0k1273.420774%73.420774%73.4%65,15865.2k1373.343838%73.343838%73.3%134,517135k1473.315180%73.315180%73.3%59,23559.2k1573.227894%73.227894%73.2%49,68049.7k1673.099150%73.099150%73.1%72,60572.6k1772.827229%72.827229%72.8%88,02788.0k1872.705829%72.705829%72.7%54,24854.2k1972.199980%72.199980%72.2%51,03651.0k2072.167832%72.167832%72.2%1,03272.030167%72.030167%72.0%43,83943.8k2171.981125%71.981125%72.0%192,204192k2271.811679%71.811679%71.8%303,902304k2371.656163%71.656163%71.7%158,502159k2471.624445%71.624445%71.6%162,147162k2571.353581%71.353581%71.4%50,15850.2k2671.092746%71.092746%71.1%3,163,4263.16M71.080472%71.080472%71.1%51,39951.4k2770.977909%70.977909%71.0%15,618,69115.6M70.902961%70.902961%70.9%4,83770.525994%70.525994%70.5%43,85843.9k2870.333657%70.333657%70.3%65,91665.9k2970.236652%70.236652%70.2%44,60844.6k3070.091504%70.091504%70.1%55,30555.3k3170.033699%70.033699%70.0%96,63696.6k3269.824700%69.824700%69.8%901,307901k3369.800863%69.800863%69.8%52,26252.3k3469.717832%69.717832%69.7%22,664,11922.7M69.576781%69.576781%69.6%104,114104k3569.571184%69.571184%69.6%55,25955.3k3669.273949%69.273949%69.3%47,01947.0k3769.019608%69.019608%69.0%35269.004799%69.004799%69.0%47,30947.3k3868.726477%68.726477%68.7%37,98138.0k3968.253043%68.253043%68.3%101,015,409101M67.907748%67.907748%67.9%40,92840.9k4067.045974%67.045974%67.0%49,84649.8k4166.497773%66.497773%66.5%59,71559.7k4265.629010%65.629010%65.6%97,16997.2k4365.624050%65.624050%65.6%45,31845.3k65.265226%65.265226%65.3%97,34797.3k4465.101552%65.101552%65.1%148,759149k4564.537109%64.537109%64.5%38,10438.1k4664.081712%64.081712%64.1%95,74095.7k4758.878250%58.878250%58.9%84,36984.4k4857.060175%57.060175%57.1%31,05531.1k4949.728525%49.728525%49.7%29,67529.7k50

Private Income by County Subdivision#40

Median income for the full-time year-round civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the Midwest, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
$0k$20k$40k$60k%Count#Milton TownshipMiltonLisle TownshipLisleDowners Grove TownshipDowners GrvYork TownshipOverland ParkPalatine TownshipPalatineAnn ArborWheeling TownshipWheelingSchaumburg TownshipSchaumburgOlatheMaine TownshipMaineBloomingdale TownshipBloomingdaleSterling HeightsSterling HtsMinneapolisMadisonWashington TownshipWashingtonChicagoWorth TownshipWorthEast North CentralMichiganCedar RapidsMidwestUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesKaw TownshipLawrence TownshipLawrenceThornton TownshipThorntonProviso TownshipProvisoSt. PaulOmahaNorth TownshipNWichitaCincinnatiColumbusFargoWarrenSt. LouisCapital TownshipCapitalLincolnTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CityRockford TownshipRockfordSioux FallsTopekaBlue TownshipToledoGrand RapidsMilwaukeeKalkaska CountyKalkaskaAkron950400Tract 950400ClevelandCenter TownshipCtrAurora TownshipAuroraWayne TownshipWayneKansas CitySpringfield TownshipSpringfieldDetroitSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldDayton$67,178.000000$67,178.000000$67.2k67.908%67.9%40,92840.9k1$66,281.000000$66,281.000000$66.3k70.237%70.2%44,60844.6k2$65,785.000000$65,785.000000$65.8k67.046%67.0%49,84649.8k3$62,276.000000$62,276.000000$62.3k70.526%70.5%43,85843.9k4$59,692.000000$59,692.000000$59.7k73.099%73.1%72,60572.6k5$56,710.000000$56,710.000000$56.7k74.030%74.0%45,03945.0k6$54,814.000000$54,814.000000$54.8k49.729%49.7%29,67529.7k7$54,404.000000$54,404.000000$54.4k73.315%73.3%59,23559.2k8$53,504.000000$53,504.000000$53.5k78.137%78.1%56,30756.3k9$51,450.000000$51,450.000000$51.5k72.200%72.2%51,03651.0k10$50,140.000000$50,140.000000$50.1k73.228%73.2%49,68049.7k11$47,192.000000$47,192.000000$47.2k77.643%77.6%47,11347.1k12$46,720.000000$46,720.000000$46.7k77.798%77.8%49,49149.5k13$46,599.000000$46,599.000000$46.6k65.102%65.1%148,759149k14$46,000.000000$46,000.000000$46.0k58.878%58.9%84,36984.4k15$44,156.000000$44,156.000000$44.2k69.801%69.8%52,26252.3k16$43,626.000000$43,626.000000$43.6k69.825%69.8%901,307901k17$43,275.000000$43,275.000000$43.3k71.354%71.4%50,15850.2k18$42,448.000000$42,448.000000$42.4k70.978%71.0%15,618,69115.6M$42,417.000000$42,417.000000$42.4k71.093%71.1%3,163,4263.16M$42,335.000000$42,335.000000$42.3k75.575%75.6%52,54652.5k19$42,254.000000$42,254.000000$42.3k69.718%69.7%22,664,11922.7M$42,182.000000$42,182.000000$42.2k68.253%68.3%101,015,409101M$41,661.000000$41,661.000000$41.7k66.498%66.5%59,71559.7k20$41,599.000000$41,599.000000$41.6k72.030%72.0%43,83943.8k21$41,224.000000$41,224.000000$41.2k69.005%69.0%47,30947.3k22$40,941.000000$40,941.000000$40.9k71.080%71.1%51,39951.4k23$40,498.000000$40,498.000000$40.5k64.082%64.1%95,74095.7k24$40,273.000000$40,273.000000$40.3k71.624%71.6%162,147162k25$40,173.000000$40,173.000000$40.2k75.771%75.8%50,93350.9k26$40,122.000000$40,122.000000$40.1k73.344%73.3%134,517135k27$39,412.000000$39,412.000000$39.4k70.034%70.0%96,63696.6k28$38,643.000000$38,643.000000$38.6k71.812%71.8%303,902304k29$38,473.000000$38,473.000000$38.5k69.274%69.3%47,01947.0k30$38,182.000000$38,182.000000$38.2k78.301%78.3%45,66645.7k31$38,051.000000$38,051.000000$38.1k65.265%65.3%97,34797.3k32$37,717.000000$37,717.000000$37.7k57.060%57.1%31,05531.1k33$37,105.000000$37,105.000000$37.1k65.629%65.6%97,16997.2k34$37,004.000000$37,004.000000$37.0k65.624%65.6%45,31845.3k$36,852.000000$36,852.000000$36.9k72.706%72.7%54,24854.2k35$36,000.000000$36,000.000000$36.0k70.092%70.1%55,30555.3k36$35,844.000000$35,844.000000$35.8k64.537%64.5%38,10438.1k37$35,323.000000$35,323.000000$35.3k74.158%74.2%51,95552.0k38$34,909.000000$34,909.000000$34.9k72.827%72.8%88,02788.0k39$34,661.000000$34,661.000000$34.7k70.334%70.3%65,91665.9k40$34,578.000000$34,578.000000$34.6k71.981%72.0%192,204192k41$33,041.000000$33,041.000000$33.0k70.903%70.9%4,837$32,982.000000$32,982.000000$33.0k73.421%73.4%65,15865.2k42$32,778.000000$32,778.000000$32.8k72.168%72.2%1,032$31,998.000000$31,998.000000$32.0k69.577%69.6%104,114104k43$31,989.000000$31,989.000000$32.0k75.040%75.0%45,90445.9k44$31,911.000000$31,911.000000$31.9k82.527%82.5%56,57456.6k45$31,845.000000$31,845.000000$31.8k77.319%77.3%48,57948.6k46$31,383.000000$31,383.000000$31.4k75.908%75.9%50,62150.6k47$30,875.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k69.020%69.0%352$30,536.000000$30,536.000000$30.5k71.656%71.7%158,502159k48$30,504.000000$30,504.000000$30.5k69.571%69.6%55,25955.3k49$30,239.000000$30,239.000000$30.2k68.726%68.7%37,98138.0k50
% percent of the workforce employed in given sector
Count number of people employed in given sector
# rank of county subdivision out of 50 by income in given sector

Sectors by County Subdivision in the United States

There are 35,600 county subdivisions in the United States. This section compares the Springfield Township to the 50 most populous county subdivisions in the United States and to those entities that contain or substantially overlap with the Springfield Township. The least populous of the compared county subdivisions has a population of 547,300.

Private Sector by County Subdivision#45

Percentage of the civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the United States, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
0%20%40%60%Count#Las VegasSouthwest DallasSW DallasOrlandoTownship 1:Charlotte1, CharlotteSan JoseNorthwest HarrisNW HarrisAnaheim-Santa Ana-Garden GroveAnaheim-Santa An…PlanoNortheast DallasNE DallasHoustonNortheast TarrantNE TarrantFort WorthSan Antonio CentralSan Antonio CntrlSeattle EastPhoenixTulsa950400Tract 950400MilwaukeeColumbusDetroitTampaSan BernardinoSalt Lake CitySalt Lk CityMichiganOceanside-EscondidoOceanside-Escond…East North CentralKalkaska CountyKalkaskaMiamiEast San Gabriel ValleyE San Gabriel VlyLong Beach-LakewoodLong Bch-LakewoodChicagoMidwestDenverAtlantaBronxSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldQueensOntarioUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesSan Fernando ValleySan Fernando VlyLos AngelesSan FranciscoManhattanPhiladelphiaAustinEl PasoSan DiegoBrooklynTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CitySeattleTown of HempsteadHempsteadTucsonBostonFresnoAlbuquerqueSacramentoBaltimoreWashington78.818590%78.818590%78.8%681,501682k177.329673%77.329673%77.3%345,908346k276.538313%76.538313%76.5%221,906222k375.889185%75.889185%75.9%315,186315k475.769713%75.769713%75.8%664,217664k575.512705%75.512705%75.5%276,634277k675.483700%75.483700%75.5%614,115614k775.459304%75.459304%75.5%218,260218k875.458758%75.458758%75.5%582,605583k975.045118%75.045118%75.0%1,196,3341.20M1074.692684%74.692684%74.7%221,174221k1174.185746%74.185746%74.2%287,084287k1274.045404%74.045404%74.0%210,343210k1373.319904%73.319904%73.3%222,762223k1473.215125%73.215125%73.2%1,075,4761.08M1572.869098%72.869098%72.9%209,068209k1672.167832%72.167832%72.2%1,03271.981125%71.981125%72.0%192,204192k1771.811679%71.811679%71.8%303,902304k1871.656163%71.656163%71.7%158,502159k1971.597917%71.597917%71.6%229,636230k2071.386562%71.386562%71.4%239,115239k2171.377313%71.377313%71.4%356,282356k2271.092746%71.092746%71.1%3,163,4263.16M71.073440%71.073440%71.1%214,914215k2370.977909%70.977909%71.0%15,618,69115.6M70.902961%70.902961%70.9%4,83770.879738%70.879738%70.9%311,980312k2469.946177%69.946177%69.9%304,354304k2569.870330%69.870330%69.9%190,746191k2669.824700%69.824700%69.8%901,307901k2769.717832%69.717832%69.7%22,664,11922.7M69.717600%69.717600%69.7%251,196251k2869.152542%69.152542%69.2%196,860197k2969.116141%69.116141%69.1%398,091398k3069.019608%69.019608%69.0%35268.811949%68.811949%68.8%771,095771k3168.808329%68.808329%68.8%205,333205k3268.253043%68.253043%68.3%101,015,409101M67.874042%67.874042%67.9%612,213612k3367.872223%67.872223%67.9%850,967851k3467.694654%67.694654%67.7%330,729331k3567.652834%67.652834%67.7%604,016604k3667.201340%67.201340%67.2%440,113440k3766.772273%66.772273%66.8%315,716316k3866.508350%66.508350%66.5%148,994149k3966.358955%66.358955%66.4%741,414741k4066.330339%66.330339%66.3%790,982791k4165.624050%65.624050%65.6%45,31845.3k65.427087%65.427087%65.4%380,978381k4264.963460%64.963460%65.0%247,566248k4364.956691%64.956691%65.0%248,447248k4464.728011%64.728011%64.7%229,365229k4564.202024%64.202024%64.2%179,401179k4662.464905%62.464905%62.5%185,775186k4761.720700%61.720700%61.7%301,139301k4859.872465%59.872465%59.9%164,593165k4948.802068%48.802068%48.8%169,941170k50

Private Income by County Subdivision#53

Median income for the full-time year-round civilian employed population aged 16 and older.
Scope: population of the Springfield Township, selected other county subdivisions in the United States, and entities that contain the Springfield Township
$0k$50k%Count#Seattle EastManhattanSan FranciscoSan JosePlanoWashingtonSeattleTown of HempsteadHempsteadBostonNorthwest HarrisNW HarrisAtlantaNortheast TarrantNE TarrantSan DiegoDenverChicagoTownship 1:Charlotte1, CharlotteEast North CentralMichiganOntarioMidwestUnited States of AmericaUnited StatesBrooklynOceanside-EscondidoOceanside-Escond…Long Beach-LakewoodLong Bch-LakewoodSan Fernando ValleySan Fernando VlyQueensAustinBaltimoreSacramentoSalt Lake CitySalt Lk CityTulsaHoustonPhoenixPhiladelphiaNortheast DallasNE DallasEast San Gabriel ValleyE San Gabriel VlyAnaheim-Santa Ana-Garden GroveAnaheim-Santa An…ColumbusFort WorthTampaTraverse City Metro AreaTraverse CityAlbuquerqueTucsonLas VegasLos AngelesFresnoSouthwest DallasSW DallasMilwaukeeSan BernardinoBronxKalkaska CountyKalkaska950400Tract 950400OrlandoSpringfield TownshipSpringfieldDetroitMiamiSan Antonio CentralSan Antonio CntrlEl Paso$81,162.000000$81,162.000000$81.2k73.320%73.3%222,762223k1$80,301.000000$80,301.000000$80.3k67.653%67.7%604,016604k2$76,154.000000$76,154.000000$76.2k67.695%67.7%330,729331k3$76,104.000000$76,104.000000$76.1k75.770%75.8%664,217664k4$63,334.000000$63,334.000000$63.3k75.459%75.5%218,260218k5$58,303.000000$58,303.000000$58.3k48.802%48.8%169,941170k6$55,754.000000$55,754.000000$55.8k65.427%65.4%380,978381k7$54,509.000000$54,509.000000$54.5k64.963%65.0%247,566248k8$54,045.000000$54,045.000000$54.0k64.728%64.7%229,365229k9$53,927.000000$53,927.000000$53.9k75.513%75.5%276,634277k10$51,851.000000$51,851.000000$51.9k69.153%69.2%196,860197k11$51,762.000000$51,762.000000$51.8k74.693%74.7%221,174221k12$47,935.000000$47,935.000000$47.9k66.359%66.4%741,414741k13$45,646.000000$45,646.000000$45.6k69.718%69.7%251,196251k14$43,626.000000$43,626.000000$43.6k69.825%69.8%901,307901k15$43,431.000000$43,431.000000$43.4k75.889%75.9%315,186315k16$42,448.000000$42,448.000000$42.4k70.978%71.0%15,618,69115.6M$42,417.000000$42,417.000000$42.4k71.093%71.1%3,163,4263.16M$42,259.000000$42,259.000000$42.3k68.808%68.8%205,333205k17$42,254.000000$42,254.000000$42.3k69.718%69.7%22,664,11922.7M$42,182.000000$42,182.000000$42.2k68.253%68.3%101,015,409101M$42,167.000000$42,167.000000$42.2k66.330%66.3%790,982791k18$42,151.000000$42,151.000000$42.2k71.073%71.1%214,914215k19$42,098.000000$42,098.000000$42.1k69.870%69.9%190,746191k20$41,647.000000$41,647.000000$41.6k67.874%67.9%612,213612k21$41,400.000000$41,400.000000$41.4k68.812%68.8%771,095771k22$41,208.000000$41,208.000000$41.2k66.772%66.8%315,716316k23$41,201.000000$41,201.000000$41.2k59.872%59.9%164,593165k24$40,570.000000$40,570.000000$40.6k61.721%61.7%301,139301k25$40,473.000000$40,473.000000$40.5k71.377%71.4%356,282356k26$40,243.000000$40,243.000000$40.2k72.869%72.9%209,068209k27$39,532.000000$39,532.000000$39.5k75.045%75.0%1,196,3341.20M28$39,430.000000$39,430.000000$39.4k73.215%73.2%1,075,4761.08M29$39,319.000000$39,319.000000$39.3k67.201%67.2%440,113440k30$39,097.000000$39,097.000000$39.1k75.459%75.5%582,605583k31$38,845.000000$38,845.000000$38.8k69.946%69.9%304,354304k32$38,818.000000$38,818.000000$38.8k75.484%75.5%614,115614k33$38,643.000000$38,643.000000$38.6k71.812%71.8%303,902304k34$38,103.000000$38,103.000000$38.1k74.186%74.2%287,084287k35$37,617.000000$37,617.000000$37.6k71.598%71.6%229,636230k36$37,004.000000$37,004.000000$37.0k65.624%65.6%45,31845.3k$36,834.000000$36,834.000000$36.8k62.465%62.5%185,775186k37$36,568.000000$36,568.000000$36.6k64.957%65.0%248,447248k38$36,464.000000$36,464.000000$36.5k78.819%78.8%681,501682k39$36,121.000000$36,121.000000$36.1k67.872%67.9%850,967851k40$35,852.000000$35,852.000000$35.9k64.202%64.2%179,401179k41$35,132.000000$35,132.000000$35.1k77.330%77.3%345,908346k42$34,578.000000$34,578.000000$34.6k71.981%72.0%192,204192k43$34,297.000000$34,297.000000$34.3k71.387%71.4%239,115239k44$33,446.000000$33,446.000000$33.4k69.116%69.1%398,091398k45$33,041.000000$33,041.000000$33.0k70.903%70.9%4,837$32,778.000000$32,778.000000$32.8k72.168%72.2%1,032$32,433.000000$32,433.000000$32.4k76.538%76.5%221,906222k46$30,875.000000$30,875.000000$30.9k69.020%69.0%352$30,536.000000$30,536.000000$30.5k71.656%71.7%158,502159k47$30,457.000000$30,457.000000$30.5k70.880%70.9%311,980312k48$28,654.000000$28,654.000000$28.7k74.045%74.0%210,343210k49$28,027.000000$28,027.000000$28.0k66.508%66.5%148,994149k50
% percent of the workforce employed in given sector
Count number of people employed in given sector
# rank of county subdivision out of 50 by income in given sector

Definitions

A sector describes the organizational category of a person’s employing organization. On this page, all employed persons are categorized as working in one of the following sectors (bolded terms are used in the charts and maps on this page):

  • Private for-profit wage and salary workers:
    • Private: Employee of private company workers
    • Self-Employed: Self-employed in own incorporated business workers
  • Non-Profit: Private not-for-profit wage and salary workers
  • Local Government: Local government workers
  • State Government: State government workers
  • Federal Government: Federal government workers
  • Sole Proprietor: Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers
  • Unpaid Family: Unpaid family workers

For additional information about the data presented on this site, including our sources, please see the About Page.

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State:
Michigan
County:
Kalkaska
Metro Area:
Traverse City Area
ZIP Codes:
49633, 49680
Unified School Districts:
Forest Area, Kalkaska
Congressional District:
MI-1
State Senate District:
MI-35
State House District:
MI-103
Neighboring Townships:
Bloomfield, Boardman, Fife Lake, Garfield, Liberty, Orange, Pioneer, Union
Nearby Townships:
Caldwell, Cedar Creek, East Bay, Forest, Greenwood, Kalkaska, Oliver, Paradise, Whitewater